Sahar Mirzaei, Nicolas G. Green, Mihai Rotaru, Suan Hui Pu,
https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/10103/101031I/Detecting-and-identifying-DNA-via-the-THz-backbone-frequency-using/10.1117/12.2263694.pdf
In genetic diagnostics, laboratory-based
equipment generally uses analytical techniques requiring complicated and
expensive fluorescent labelling of target DNA molecules. Intense research
effort into, and commercial development of, Point-of-Care diagnostics and
Personalized Healthcare are driving the development of simple, fast and
cost-effective detection methods. One potential label-free DNA detection method
uses Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy of the natural responses of DNA in
metamaterial structures, which are engineered to have properties that are
impossible to obtain in natural materials. This paper presents a study of the
development of metamaterials based on asymmetric X-shaped resonator inclusions
as a functional sensor for DNA. Gold X-shaped resonator structures with
dimensions of 90/85 μm were demonstrated to produce trapped mode resonant
frequency in the correct range for DNA detection. Realistic substrate materials
in the form of 375 μm thick quartz were investigated, demonstrating that the
non-transparent nature of the material resulted in the production of standing
waves, affecting the system response, as well as requiring a reduction in scale
of the resonator of 85%. As a result, the effect of introducing etched windows
in the substrate material were investigated, demonstrating that increased
window size significantly reduces the effect of the substrate on the system
response. The device design showed a good selectivity when RNA samples were
introduced to the model, demonstrating the potential for this design of device
in the development of sensors capable of performing cheap and simple genetic
analysis of DNA, giving label-free detection at high sensitivity.
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