Thursday, October 6, 2011

Photoconductive antennas generate tunable narrowband terahertz pulses


By Dominik Stehr
Tunable narrowband terahertz pulses in the range of 0.3 to 2.4 THz were created via difference frequency generation using a photoconductive antenna (PCA) design developed by researchers at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf (Dresden, Germany). The narrowest pulses (0.2 THz at a 1 THz central frequency) were generated at an efficiency of 5 × 10-4; pulses with a 0.36 THz bandwidth were generated at an efficiency of 1 × 10-3. Antennas based on low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide (LT-GaAs) as well as on semi-insulating GaAs (SI-GaAs) were demonstrated; the latter devices, although lower in power by a factor of four, use a type of GaAs that is inexpensive and easily available. 

A regenerative titanium:sapphire laser amplifier with an 8 µJ pulse energy, a repetition rate of 250 kHz, a pulse duration of 35 fs, and a center wavelength of 800 nm served as the ultrafast source. The pulses were stretched and divided into two pulses: one to create the terahertz radiation and the other to analyze it via electro-optic sampling. The generated terahertz light was collected with a gold parabolic mirror and combined with the probe pulse in a zinc telluride crystal. The PCAs had interdigitated-finger structures with 5 µm gap spacings; the SI-GaAs device was 10 mm square, while the LT-GaAs device was 1 mm square. The researchers believe that the reasonably good results with SI-GaAs occurred because the device’s higher mobility counters the long recovery time. Contact Dominik Stehr at d.stehr@hzdr.de.

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