Shivani Vij, Niti Kant
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2516-1067/ab2359/meta
A theoretical model of terahertz generation is presented using nonlinear mixing of two lasers in clustered plasma with step density profile. The cluster is used as a target to enhance the optical to THz conversion efficiency. The lasers are incident obliquely to the clustered plasma surface and exert a ponderomotive force on cluster and plasma electrons. The ponderomotive force has a transverse component that drives nonlinear current and produces THz radiation in the reflected component. The enhancement in the efficiency of THz radiation generation occurs due to cluster plasmon resonance and by coupling between plasma and THz wave. The amplitude of generated THz wave is maximum when the plasma frequency approaches to THz frequency and laser frequency is equal to

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