Abstract-Gated Graphene Enabled Tunable Charge-Current Configurations in Hybrid Plasmonic Metamaterials

Arash Ahmadivand, Burak Gerislioglu, G. Timothy Noe, and Yogendra Kumar Mishra

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsaelm.9b00035

Here, an active hybrid toroidal metasurface is demonstrated based on artificially engineered plasmonic metamolecules deposited on a gate-controlled graphene layer. Our numerical predictions are confirmed by room-temperature time-domain spectroscopy characterizations in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. We quantitatively and qualitatively show that the gate-controlled active graphene metamaterial allows for an active tuning of the dynamic nonradiating toroidal dipole by tuning the essential mismatch in the spinning magnetic-fields in the strongly coupled resonators. It is demonstrated that this feature can be obtained by varying the resistivity of gate-controlled graphene and tuning the capacitive coupling at the critical openings of the system.